Solar Photovoltaic Essay Example

Solar Photovoltaic Essay Solar energy has many advantages, one of which is its renewable supply which is environment friendly. In contrast to fossil fuels, solar energy is obtainable almost anywhere here on Earth and this particular source of energy is free of charge as well as impervious to mounting energy prices. Solar energy could also be used in different manners, it could be used to supply heat, lighting, mechanical power as well as for electricity. Sunlight could produce electricity by making use of photovoltaic. Photovoltaic or solar cells are means for semiconductor and they are generally made of silicon which does not hold liquids. Aside from that PVs are also caustic chemicals. They manufacture electricity given that a light burnishes on them, they also need only trivial preservation, they do not contaminate and they function in a very silent manner. All of these make photovoltaic energy the cleanest as well as the safest means of power production (Go Solar Company 2007). Solar cells have a wide assortment of sizes but usually they are 10 cm x 10 cm and engender almost half a volt of electricity, they are also bunched collectively in modules or groups in order to generate higher voltages and amplified power. A 12-volt module, for an instance, based on its power productivity, could possibly have 30-40 photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic panels are not extremely effective, producing just 12-15% of the sun’s light into electricity; however, laboratory samples are accomplishing 30% effectiveness (Go Solar Company 2007). We will write a custom essay sample on Solar Photovoltaic specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Solar Photovoltaic specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Solar Photovoltaic specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Photovoltaic modules also produce direct current or the type of electricity generated by batteries. Even though radiant lights could activate on direct current, the majority of electric apparatus necessitate 120-volt alternating current as provided by efficacies. A tool which is called an inverter converts direct current into alternating current. Inverters differ in size as well as on the value of electricity they deliver. When probing the price of photovoltaic systems, a buyer ought to take into account a number of things. First is that photovoltaic modules are technically well established, it also have an expected eservice time of thirty years. Also, as a modular system it have the capability to expand from a milli-watt system into a megawatt system which permits the elasticity required to gather mounting energy requirements. Photovoltaic is a lucrative and practical alternative for those who live in secluded districts wherein utilities could charge $18, 000 up to $60,000 per kilometer to operate a power line into an isolated region (Cogeneration Technologies, et al. 2002). In places wherein there are both severe as well as off-grid necessity for electricity, there is an inadequate source of workable supply of energy. Customarily, electricity in the north has been supplied by diesel production, which is expensive, due to exalted fuel transportation expenses and, if a leak takes place, destructive to the local environment that is why it is mostly in these regions that photovoltaic, a clean and dependable supply of electricity, is very promising. Photovoltaic systems in northern areas should be technologically flexible to endure severe weather conditions as well as to supply electricity when there are sizeable cyclic instabilities in solar radiation (Cogeneration Technologies, et al. 2002). In the developing world, where there is plentiful sunlight as well as a sizeable rural populace without the proper infrastructure to advance an electrical grid, photovoltaic is viewed as very appealing alternative mainly due to its modular facets, its capability to produce electricity at the concrete time of use, its low maintenance necessities and its non-contaminating technologies. Photovoltaic is also essential to rural health clinics in developing countries since these clinics need electricity for lighting, vaccine refrigeration as well as water pumping and purification thus photovoltaic proved to be a dependable method for these remote clinics.

Analytical Procedures Essays

Analytical Procedures Essays Analytical Procedures Essay Analytical Procedures Essay Essay Topic: Analytical The objective of analytical procedures used in the overall review stage of the audit is to assist the auditor in assessing the conclusions reached and in the evaluation of the overall financial statement presentation. A wide variety of analytical procedures may be useful for this purpose. The overall review would generally include reading the financial statements and notes and considering (a) the adequacy of evidence gathered in response to unusual or unexpected balances identified in planning the audit or in the course of the audit and (b) unusual or unexpected balances or relationships that were not previously identified. Results of an overall review may indicate that additional evidence may be needed. [Paragraph renumbered by the issuance of Statement on Auditing Standards No. 96, January 2002. ] (AU Section 329 Analytical Procedures, 2002) The debt to equity ratio is computed by dividing total liabilities by total stockholder’s equity. The ratio measures how the company is leveraging its debt against the capital employed by its owners. If l liabilities exceed the net worth then in that case the creditors have more stake than the shareholders. The gross margin on net sales is computed by dividing gross profit by net sales. The gross profit margin is a measure of the gross profit earned on sales. The gross profit margin considers the firms cost of goods sold, but does not include other costs. By analyzing changes in this figure, you can identify whether it is necessary to examine company policies relating to credit extension, markups (or markdowns, purchasing, or general merchandising (where applicable). This percentage rate can and will vary greatly from business to business, even those within the same industry. Sales, location, size of operations, and intensity of competition are all factors that can affect the gross profit rate. The current ratio is computed by dividing current assets by current liabilities. The ratio is regarded as a test of liquidity for a company. It expresses the working capital relationship of current assets available to meet the company’s current obligations. Debt to Equity RatioIndustry Average total liabilities= $ 7,589,482. 00 = $ 0. 80 2. 58 total stockholders equity $ 9,520,580. 00 Gross Margin on Net Sales Gross Profit= $ 7,287,064. 00 = $ 0. 8 23. 11% Net Sales $ 26,420,363. 00 Current Ratio Current Assets= $ 16,513,545. 00 = $ 2. 18 1. 21 Current Debt $ 7,589,482. 00 Conclusion: Based on the end of the audit analysis, I believe this business will continue in business. The debt to equity ratio tells me the business isn’t heavily financed by shareholders’. For every dollar of OceanView Marine Company owned by shareholders, OceanView owes $0 . 80 to creditors. The ratio is low compared to the industry average and may indicate the company is not taking advantage of other opportunities that financial leverage may bring. The gross margin on net sales ratio is high compared to the industry average. This ratio reveals how much a company earns taking into consideration the costs that it incurs for producing its products and or services. Higher ratios indicate the company may have more money left over to spend on other business operations. The current ratio is higher than the industry average as well. This is also good because the ratio is mainly used to give an idea of the company’s ability to pay back short-term liabilities with its short-term assets. ? Cash Fraud Article: Phoney MI5 stole ? 4,000 from girlfriend An assistant of an Oxford whisky shop conned his girlfriend out of â‚ ¬14,000 ($20,000) by pretending to be an undercover secret service agent spying on dangerous crimes. Wayne Gouveia convinced his 21 year old girlfriend Leanne McCarthy that he was a MI5 agent sent to protect her. Leanne worked in a nearby jewelry store, Rowell Jewelry in Turl Street, Oxford. Wayne and Leanne began dating in 2007. Wayne showered her with expensive gifts and the couple moved in together. He claimed he could afford so many presents because he also worked as an undercover policeman. Wayne told her his assignment was to protect her during a robbery that her boss was planning to collect insurance payout. He also told her that her boss was trying to poison her with anthrax powder as part of the scheme. He gained her trust by producing a false Official Secrets Act for her to sign. He told her his boss wanted to recruit her as a spy and he took her on fictional security service stake outs. She in turned allowed him to intercept all her mail, including bank cards and PINs because she believed it was laced with anthrax. Wayne was able to scam her out of her savings and financial details to defraud her of ? 14,000. He admitted to three charges of fraud by false representation at Oxford Crown Court. He was convicted March 2009 to an eighteen month sentence. He was 25 at the time of sentencing. Bibliography AU Section 329 Analytical Procedures. (2002). Retrieved November 8, 2010, from Public Company Accounting Oversight Board: http://pcaobus. org/Standards/Auditing/Pages/AU329. aspx#ps-pcaob_5d327f5c-52fb-433d-80d4-8f51565bbfe7 Bonnett, R. (2009, April 10). Fake Spies The Conmen Who didnt Work For MI5. Retrieved December 02, 2010, from Robert Bonetts Blog: http://robertbonnett. com/2009/04/10/the-fake-mi5-spies/ Kelly, T. (2009, February 19). Phoney MI5 spy stole 14000 pounds from girlfriend. Retrieved December 2010, 2010, from Mail Online: dailymail. co. uk/news/article-1148759/Phoney-MI5-spy-stole-14-000-girlfriend. html Three of The Worst Fraud Cases of 2009. (2010, February 23). Retrieved December 02, 2010, from Articlebase: articlesbase. com/print/1896090

Fast Food Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fast Food - Essay Example not just limited to any particular region or country and town, rather all over the world fast food is quite common and strongly followed and like all over the world. However being the most ubiquitous form of food that is available in every nook and corner, it has resulted in plenty of criticism from the experts over ages and has been tested for many cases of improper diet. American teen agers are perhaps the most frequent ones and most fond of fast food. For this reason this generation is called the fast food generation (Schlosser). They are fonder of this food than the conventional form, be it their schools, their evening outings, all around they would prefer fast foods. The modern generation and modern times are termed as fast food generation and fast food era respectively. Since every individual is enrolled and associated with the consumption of fast food in one way or the other, therefore they have become an integral part of modern day civilizations. They have a direct negative impact on the pregnant women as well. A multi billion industry that cannot be packed up by any means, and statistics showing the business being expanded by very high proportion around the world. In the United States, one out of three adults is a regular eater of fast food and as a result are not able to stop their children from eating the junk food. Other survey conducted in this regard resulted in showing that some of them ate the food in company of their children; as a result the children are in direct line of attack as well whenever their parents visit the fast food chains. Study conducted over number of school students and their usage of fast food showed considerable percentage of increase in obesity due to the amount of fast food intake, and the amount of weight gained is staggeringly alarming(Currie, Moretti, et.al). While fast foods may not be all unhealthy food items, the problem associated is that of extremely high energy food intake in form of fast food and further on,